your computer.All components are attached to your
motherboard either directly or indirectly.
In 1982,IBM or International Business Machines made the
original PC motherboard which used the 8088 CPU or
Central Processing Unit.This simple board also had a BIOS,
memory sockets and adapter slots.
The Motherboard have several formats with the Baby AT
being the classic format for 486 and Pentium computers.
The ATX format comes with the Socket 7 and Slot 1 main
board while the new NLX motherboard is considered low
cost with PCI and ISA slots mounted on raisers.
The Motherboard's form factor is its physical size and
shape.The form facter measurement for motherboards
are from the outside dimensions.We will look at the
Pentium Motherboard in and out of the case.
Let's take the time to look at the components of the
motherboard and how they relate to each other.We will
look at the Titan 3 Gigabyte Pentium 4 Motherboard and
its components.
COMPONENTS ON THE MOTHERBOARD
CPU Chip is the brains of any computer.This Pentium 4
2.5 gigabyte chips has a very large cooling fan which
circulates air around the chip.
RAM Memory is where information is stored for very quick
access by the computer.DIMM memory was the popular
memory chip until the more recent RIMM Chips came on
the scene.
BIOS Chip is that chip responsible for holding the data
the computer needs to start and to check all devices in
the system.This data is not lost when the computer is
turned off.The cmos battery keeps the data intact.
CMOS Battery provides power to the BIOS Chip so that
the computer can access the data on the chip.This data
allows the computer to boot up.
ISA Slots stands for Industry Standard Architecture and
this is the older and slower data bus used on 486 PCs
PCI Slots replaced the slower ISA Slots.The PCI data
bus gives the computer much faster data transfer from
the device to the motherboard.
AGP Slot is used by the video card to provide quick
and fast access by the cpu.Video data is send directly
to the cpu without any delay whatsoever.AGP stands for
Accelerated Graphics Port: an Intel-designed 32-bit PC
bus architecture introduced in 1997 allowing graphics
cards direct access to the system bus.
USB Ports or Universal Serial Bus ports are Intel's newer
standard connection for attaching such peripherals as
digital cameras.
Disk Controllers are where the data cable coming
from the drives areconnected.These Controllers,such
as the Floppy and Hard Drive controllers are mounted
onto the motherboard.Some older computers had these
components mounted in adapter slots
The Chipsets are simply a number of integrated circuits
designed to perform one or more functions that are
closely related to each other.
Expansion Slots are input/output buses made of a series
of slots on the motherboard.Expansion slots are plugged
into such data buses as the ISA and PCI bus.
Parallel Ports are input/output channels a such parallel
devices like the printer.Data is send and received eight
bits at a time over 8 separate wires.
PS/2 Port is an IBM Computer port introduced in 1987.It
such developed to interface keyboards and such pointing
devices as the mouse,touch pads,and trackballs.This port
is commonly referred to as the mouse port.
Serial Ports allow communication between the computer
and such serial devices as modems,and mice.Serial Ports
are also called COM or communications port.
ATX Power Connector provides power from the power
supply to the motherboard.Without this connection,all
other devices on the motherboard would be useless.
ZIF Socket is the designed socket where the CPU Chip
is installed.This socket is best known for its quick and
fast upgrade by allowing the chip to be removed and
installed easily.
These are the major components of the motherboard with
very few exceptions.Take the time to carefully remove the
cover from your system unit and study your motherboard.
Determine your motherboard's form facter either by your
computer's manual or by visiting the motherboard's web
site providing support.
Try to locate all major components such as the cpu and
ram memory.Then locate the more hard to find parts like
the floppy drive controller,which is motherboard mounted
on new computers.
Should you need fast help on identifying the components
go to www.ultimatepcrepair.com/photos.html to view
pictures of every computer component on the mainboard.
by www.ultimatepcreapir.com
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